Post Type Archives: Topics

Drugs targeting tubulin are important anticancer, antiworm, anti-inflammatory, and antifungals. They all bind to tubulin and change the cytoskeleton of cells.

Osmotic diuretics are inert chemical substances which are freely filtered at the glomerulus but are Not Reabsorbed in proximal tubule and loop of Henle. They cause diuresis by increasing urine volume by reducing water reabsorption in proximal tubules and descending loop of Henle.

Mannitol is a prototype drug for osmotic diuretics, and it is inert chemical substance which increases osmolarity of blood and renal tubular lumen.

ZOLLINGER–ELLISON SYNDROME (ZES) Severe peptic ulcer diathesis secondary to gastric acid hypersecretion due to unregulated gastrin release from a non-β cell often well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (gastrinoma).

Acute intestinal obstruction occurs either mechanically from blockage or functionally from intestinal dysmotility when there is no blockage. Acute intestinal obstruction accounts for ~1–3% of all hospitalizations and a quarter of all urgent or emergent general surgery admissions. Approximately 80% of cases presents with the small bowel obstruction, and 1/3rd of these patients has significant […]

Hirschsprung disease (Congenital aganglionic megacolon): Clinical features

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura/ IgA vasculitis: Clinical presentation

Sideroblastic anemia

Reactive arthritis causes and clinical features

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, due to diffuse alveolar injury. This diffuse alveolar damage occurs secondary to an inflammatory process. The initiative of inflammation can be Direct injury to the Lung or indirect injury by systemic causes. According to Berlin criteria:  ARDS is defined by timing (within 1 week […]